CVE-2024-45409

The Ruby SAML library vulnerable to a SAML authentication bypass via Incorrect XPath selector

publishedCWE-347

The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. Ruby-SAML in <= 12.2 and 1.13.0 <= 1.16.0 does not properly verify the signature of the SAML Response. An unauthenticated attacker with access to any signed saml document (by the IdP) can thus forge a SAML Response/Assertion with arbitrary contents. This would allow the attacker to log in as arbitrary user within the vulnerable system. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.17.0 and 1.12.3.

Technical severity10.0 criticalCVSS 3.1 · CNA: GitHub_M

Published2024-09-10Source updated 2026-11-03

Collected2026-11-033 attributed sources

Fixes and workarounds

Fix

ruby-saml (RubyGems): OSV reports a fixed version 1.12.3. Check the advisory for supported release branches.

Source: OSV GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2

Fix

ruby-saml (RubyGems): OSV reports a fixed version 1.17.0. Check the advisory for supported release branches.

Source: OSV GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2

Affected products and versions

Affected products, source version ranges and reporting authorities
Product	Versions	Authority
ruby-saml SAML-Toolkits	< 1.12.3 (affected) >= 1.13.0, < 1.17.0 (affected)	CNA: GitHub_M
ruby-saml onelogin	≥ 0; < 1.12.3 (affected, custom) ≥ 1.13.0; < 1.17.0 (affected, custom) Other versions: unknown	ADP: CISA-ADP
omniauth-saml omniauth	≥ 0; ≤ 2.1.0 (affected, custom) Other versions: unknown	ADP: CISA-ADP
ruby-saml `ruby-saml` RubyGems	0.0.5 (affected, RubyGems) 0.0.6 (affected, RubyGems) 0.0.7 (affected, RubyGems) 0.0.8 (affected, RubyGems) 0.2.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.2.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.2.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.3.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.3.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.3.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.3.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.3.4 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.4 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.5 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.6 (affected, RubyGems) 0.4.7 (affected, RubyGems) 0.5.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.5.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.5.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.5.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.6.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.7.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.7.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.7.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.7.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.0 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.10 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.11 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.12 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.13 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.14 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.15 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.16 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.17 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.18 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.4 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.5 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.6 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.7 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.8 (affected, RubyGems) 0.8.9 (affected, RubyGems) 0.9 (affected, RubyGems) 0.9.1 (affected, RubyGems) 0.9.2 (affected, RubyGems) 0.9.3 (affected, RubyGems) 0.9.4 (affected, RubyGems) 1.0.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.1.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.1.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.1.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.10.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.10.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.10.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.11.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.12.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.12.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.12.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.2.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.3.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.3.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.4.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.4.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.4.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.4.3 (affected, RubyGems) 1.5.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.6.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.6.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.6.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.7.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.7.1 (affected, RubyGems) 1.7.2 (affected, RubyGems) 1.8.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.9.0 (affected, RubyGems) Ecosystem version events: introduced 0; fixed 1.12.3 Source events (ECOSYSTEM) `[ { "introduced": "0" }, { "fixed": "1.12.3" } ]` Other versions: unaffected	OSV GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2
ruby-saml `ruby-saml` RubyGems	1.13.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.14.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.15.0 (affected, RubyGems) 1.16.0 (affected, RubyGems) Ecosystem version events: introduced 1.13.0; fixed 1.17.0 Source events (ECOSYSTEM) `[ { "introduced": "1.13.0" }, { "fixed": "1.17.0" } ]` Other versions: unaffected	OSV GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2

Version ranges are source assertions. Check the vendor advisory and your installed configuration before determining exposure.

CVSS assessments

CVSS scores, vectors and reporting authorities
Version / score	Vector	Authority
3.1 / 10.0 critical	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N`	CNA: GitHub_M

Exploit evidence

No exploit evidence in collected sources. This is not proof of no exploitation.

References

https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2CNA: GitHub_M · x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-cvp8-5r8g-fhvqCNA: GitHub_M · x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/1ec5392bc506fe43a02dbb66b68741051c5ffeaeCNA: GitHub_M · x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/4865d030cae9705ee5cdb12415c654c634093ae7CNA: GitHub_M · x_refsource_MISC
https://ssoready.com/blog/engineering/ruby-saml-pwned-by-xml-signature-wrapping-attacks/ADP: CVE
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41586031ADP: CVE
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240926-0008/ADP: CVE
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/11/msg00006.htmlADP: CVE
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2OSV / GitHub Security Advisories · advisory
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-jw9c-mfg7-9rx2OSV / GitHub Security Advisories · osv

Prioritization

CISA known exploited vulnerabilities

No KEV listing in collected sources. This does not establish that exploitation is absent.

EPSS

10.68% estimated probability of exploitation in the next 30 days; percentile 95.81.
Assessed 2026-11-03 by FIRST.

SSVC

Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

ADP: CISA-ADP · 2024-10-16

Provenance

CNA: GitHub_M
Source updated 2026-11-03
Retrieved 2026-11-03

OSV / GitHub Security Advisories (partial: 1/2 referenced advisories verified)
Source updated 2026-08-07
Retrieved 2026-11-03

FIRST EPSS
Source updated Not reported
Retrieved 2026-11-03

Disclosure revision
2a56197b74713db1106eee128ee162fad31fea510dc51311422d056106fde782

Sharing this public URL includes a card for this disclosure revision.

Download card

For agents and automation

Read public disclosures for free as Markdown or JSON. Compatible browsers also expose native WebMCP tools to search disclosures, read this page, and discover API access.

Use the ontology-linked Cyber API with x402 pay per request, or a Y2 Pro or Elite API key with the intel:cyber scope.

Get an API key Use x402 Connect an agent

Endpoints and access details

https://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cves
https://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cves/{cveId}

A workspace owner or admin can create a Pro or Elite API key. Send Authorization: Bearer <Y2_API_KEY> from your trusted agent runtime.

For x402, omit Authorization and read the HTTP 402 payment challenge before signing a retry. Public browser tools do not make payments.

Agent access JSON · OpenAPI · CVE API guide