# CVE-2026-126069: Action View: Possible XSS vulnerability in Action View tag helpers

Status: published. Published: 2026-11-10. Updated: 2026-11-14.

Action View is a framework for handling view template lookup and rendering and provides view helpers for building HTML. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, the fix for CVE-2026-33168 skips blank HTML attribute names in Action View tag helpers, but it tests the name before converting it to a string. A Symbol name made only of whitespace, such as :" ", is not blank, because Symbol#blank? is Symbol#empty?, so it reaches the attribute escaping, which emits an attribute with no name and produces malformed HTML. The asset tag helpers, such as image_tag, video_tag and audio_tag, symbolize their options, so a whitespace String name passed to them takes the same path. A carefully crafted attribute value could then be misinterpreted by the browser as a separate attribute name, possibly leading to XSS. Applications that allow users to specify custom HTML attribute names are affected. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.

## Remediation

- fix: actionview (rubygems): GitHub reports patched versions 8.1.4.1. Check the advisory for the affected release branch. (source: GitHub GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj) — https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
- fix: actionview (rubygems): GitHub reports patched versions 8.0.5.2. Check the advisory for the affected release branch. (source: GitHub GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj) — https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
- fix: actionview (RubyGems): OSV reports a fixed version 8.1.4.1. Check the advisory for supported release branches. (source: OSV GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj) — https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
- fix: actionview (RubyGems): OSV reports a fixed version 8.0.5.2. Check the advisory for supported release branches. (source: OSV GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj) — https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj

## Affected products and versions

- rails / rails: >= 8.1, < 8.1.4.1 (affected); < 8.0.5.2 (affected). Source: CNA: GitHub_M
-  / actionview (actionview): >= 8.1, < 8.1.4.1 (affected, GitHub advisory range). Source: GitHub GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
-  / actionview (actionview): < 8.0.5.2 (affected, GitHub advisory range). Source: GitHub GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
-  / actionview (actionview): 8.1.0 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.3 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.1.4 (affected, RubyGems); Ecosystem version events: introduced 8.1.0.beta1; fixed 8.1.4.1. Source: OSV GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj
-  / actionview (actionview): 4.1.0 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.10 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.10.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.10.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.10.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.10.rc4 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.11 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.12 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.12.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.13 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.13.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.14 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.14.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.14.2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.14.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.14.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.15 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.15.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.16 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.16.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.2.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.2.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.2.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.4 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.5 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.6 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.6.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.6.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.7 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.8 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.9 (affected, RubyGems); 4.1.9.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.beta3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.beta4 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.0.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.1.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.1.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.1.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.1.rc4 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.10 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.10.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.11 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.11.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.11.2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.11.3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.3 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.3.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.4 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.4.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.5 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.5.2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.5.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.5.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.6 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.6.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.7 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.7.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.8 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.8.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.9 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.9.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 4.2.9.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.beta1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.beta3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.beta4 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.racecar1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.1.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.1.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.2.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.4 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.4.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.5 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.5.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.5.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.6 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.6.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.7 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.0.7.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.0 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.2.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.3.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.3.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.3.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.4 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.4.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.5 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.5.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.6 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.6.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.6.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.7 (affected, RubyGems); 5.1.7.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.0 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.1.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.2.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.3.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.4 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.5 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.6 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.4.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.5 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.6 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.6.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.6.2 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.6.3 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.7 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.8 (affected, RubyGems); 5.2.8.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0.beta3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.1.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.2.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.2.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.7 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.3.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.7 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.4.8 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.0.6.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.0 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.3.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.4.7 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.6.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.10 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.2 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.3 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.4 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.5 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.6 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.7 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.8 (affected, RubyGems); 6.1.7.9 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0.alpha1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0.alpha2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.0.rc3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.10 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.2.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.2.4 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.4 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.4.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.4.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.5 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.6 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.7 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.7.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.7.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.4 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.5 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.6 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.8.7 (affected, RubyGems); 7.0.9 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.0 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.3.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.3.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.3.4 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.4 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.4.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.5 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.5.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.1.6 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.0 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.0.beta2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.0.beta3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.1.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.1.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.2.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.3 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.3.1 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.3.2 (affected, RubyGems); 7.2.4 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.0 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.0.beta1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.0.rc1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.0.rc2 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.2 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.2.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.3 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.4 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.4.1 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.5 (affected, RubyGems); 8.0.5.1 (affected, RubyGems); Ecosystem version events: introduced 0; fixed 8.0.5.2. Source: OSV GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj

## Severity and prioritization

- CVSS 3.1: 4.7 (medium); CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N; source: CNA: GitHub_M

- CVSS 3.1: 4.7 (medium); CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N; source: NVD: security-advisories@github.com

- CISA KEV: No listing in collected sources

- EPSS: 0.24% as of 2026-11-13; percentile 14.59%

- SSVC: exploitation none; automatable no; technical impact partial; source ADP: CISA-ADP

- Weaknesses: CWE-79

## Exploit evidence

No exploit evidence in collected sources. This is not proof of no exploitation.

## References

- https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj (CNA: GitHub_M; x_refsource_CONFIRM)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9190210606ffe52f92fdc75637f8ff69404f22c8 (CNA: GitHub_M; x_refsource_MISC)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f47452533e1f28d847c63181b9d5f8b7243ef9a4 (CNA: GitHub_M; x_refsource_MISC)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2 (CNA: GitHub_M; x_refsource_MISC)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1 (CNA: GitHub_M; x_refsource_MISC)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9190210606ffe52f92fdc75637f8ff69404f22c8 (security-advisories@github.com)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f47452533e1f28d847c63181b9d5f8b7243ef9a4 (security-advisories@github.com)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2 (security-advisories@github.com)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1 (security-advisories@github.com)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj (security-advisories@github.com)

- https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj (GitHub Security Advisories; advisory)

- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj (OSV / GitHub Security Advisories; advisory)

- https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj (OSV / GitHub Security Advisories; osv)

## Provenance

- CNA: GitHub_M: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-126069; retrieved 2026-11-14; source updated 2026-11-14

- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126069; retrieved 2026-11-13; source updated 2026-11-12

- GitHub Security Advisories: https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj; retrieved 2026-11-13; source updated 2026-11-10

- OSV / GitHub Security Advisories: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-68p9-83h6-5wpj; retrieved 2026-11-14; source updated 2026-11-12

- FIRST EPSS: https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-126069; retrieved 2026-11-14; source updated Not reported

Revision: 8bd531a9de09bfa31bcb8b931bbc6b0ca6b5fd252c4bc4195860425068db09d1

Canonical: https://y2.dev/cve/CVE-2026-126069

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