CVE-2026-12052
Out-of-bounds write in USB CDC NCM control handler when host wLength is smaller than the response
The USB device-side CDC NCM class control-to-host handler usbd_cdc_ncm_cth in subsys/usb/device_next/class/usbd_cdc_ncm.c builds a fixed-size response for the GET_NTB_PARAMETERS (28-byte struct ntb_parameters) and GET_NTB_INPUT_SIZE (8-byte struct ntb_input_size) class requests and copies the whole structure into the control DATA IN buffer with net_buf_add_mem(buf, ..., sizeof(...)), ignoring the host-supplied wLength. The control DATA IN buffer is allocated by the USB stack with a capacity of exactly wLength bytes (usbd_ep_ctrl_data_in_alloc -> udc_ctrl_data_alloc -> net_buf_alloc_len(&udc_ep_pool, wLength); no round-up is applied for the IN endpoint). Because net_buf_add_mem/net_buf_simple_add only bounds the copy with an __ASSERT_NO_MSG, which is compiled out in production builds, a host that issues one of these standard CDC NCM control requests with a wLength smaller than the response structure (e.g. wLength = 1) causes the handler to memcpy up to 27 bytes past the end of the allocated pool buffer. The request fields come straight from the USB SETUP packet, so any host (or USB interposer) the Zephyr device enumerates against can trigger the overflow with no authentication once an image built with the device_next USB stack and the CDC NCM class is connected. The out-of-bounds write corrupts adjacent allocations and metadata in the shared udc_ep_pool, primarily causing memory corruption and denial of service of the USB stack; the overflow length is bounded (<= 27 bytes) and the written content is fixed device constants, and the bug reads nothing back so there is no information disclosure. The fix clamps the copy with MIN(sizeof(...), setup->wLength), matching the existing CDC ACM handler.
Fixes and workarounds
Fix
The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches.
Source: CNA: zephyrAffected products and versions
| Product | Versions | Authority |
|---|---|---|
| zephyr zephyrproject zephyr
https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr |
≥ 4.0.0; < 4.3.2 (affected, semver) ≥ 4.4.0; < 4.4.2 (affected, semver) Other versions: unaffected |
CNA: zephyr |
Version ranges are source assertions. Check the vendor advisory and your installed configuration before determining exposure.
CVSS assessments
| Version / score | Vector | Authority |
|---|---|---|
| 3.1 / 5.2 medium |
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H | CNA: zephyr |
| 3.1 / 5.2 medium |
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H | NVD: [email protected] |
Exploit evidence
No exploit evidence in collected sources. This is not proof of no exploitation.
References
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/c49b758d87914e185ff611e93473bf8ec84a378aCNA: zephyr · patch
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-vr4p-6rg5-qgpxCNA: zephyr
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/c49b758d87914e185ff611e93473bf8ec84a378a[email protected]
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-vr4p-6rg5-qgpx[email protected]
For agents and automation
Read public disclosures for free as Markdown or JSON. Compatible browsers also expose native WebMCP tools to search disclosures, read this page, and discover API access.
Use the ontology-linked Cyber API with x402 pay per request, or a Y2 Pro or Elite API key with the intel:cyber scope.
Endpoints and access details
https://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cveshttps://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cves/{cveId}
A workspace owner or admin can create a Pro or Elite API key. Send Authorization: Bearer <Y2_API_KEY> from your trusted agent runtime.
For x402, omit Authorization and read the HTTP 402 payment challenge before signing a retry. Public browser tools do not make payments.