# CVE-2026-119376: SQLite before 3.54.0 Stack Exhaustion via COLLATE Operator Chain

Status: published. Published: 2026-10-30. Updated: 2026-11-04.

SQLite before 3.54.0 contains a stack exhaustion vulnerability that allows attackers to bypass the SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH limit by chaining COLLATE postfix operators. Attackers can supply roughly 175,000 chained COLLATE operators in SQL or an untrusted database view to trigger unbounded recursion in sqlite3WalkExprNN() and crash the process.

## Remediation

- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: VulnCheck) — https://sqlite.org/src/info/252c0b7bf5a727d2
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: VulnCheck) — https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/d54522a5b832422ab893a1e9fa7a99ab314ea4e2
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: disclosure@vulncheck.com) — https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/version-3.53.4/src/expr.c#L175
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: disclosure@vulncheck.com) — https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/d54522a5b832422ab893a1e9fa7a99ab314ea4e2

## Affected products and versions

- SQLite / SQLite: ≥ 0; < 3.54.0 (affected, custom). Source: CNA: VulnCheck

## NVD configuration conditions

Affected CPE matches depend on the following AND/OR and negation conditions:

```json
[
  {
    "negate": false,
    "nodes": [
      {
        "cpeMatch": [
          {
            "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:sqlite:sqlite:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "versionEndExcluding": "3.54.0",
            "vulnerable": true
          }
        ],
        "negate": false,
        "operator": "OR"
      }
    ],
    "operator": "OR"
  }
]
```

## Severity and prioritization

- CVSS 4.0: 6.8 (medium); CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N; source: CNA: VulnCheck

- CVSS 3.1: 5.5 (medium); CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H; source: CNA: VulnCheck

- CVSS 4.0: 6.8 (medium); CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X; source: NVD: disclosure@vulncheck.com

- CVSS 3.1: 5.5 (medium); CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H; source: NVD: disclosure@vulncheck.com

- CISA KEV: No listing in collected sources

- EPSS: 0.18% as of 2026-11-03; percentile 7.92%

- SSVC: exploitation poc; automatable no; technical impact partial; source ADP: CISA-ADP

- Weaknesses: CWE-674

## Exploit evidence

- exploit: https://sqlite.org/bugs/info/2026-10-04T04:50:56Z (ADP: CISA-ADP)
- exploit: https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/sqlite-collate-depth (disclosure@vulncheck.com)

## References

- https://sqlite.org/bugs/info/2026-10-04T04:50:56Z (CNA: VulnCheck; issue-tracking)

- https://sqlite.org/src/info/252c0b7bf5a727d2 (CNA: VulnCheck; patch)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/d54522a5b832422ab893a1e9fa7a99ab314ea4e2 (CNA: VulnCheck; patch)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/version-3.53.4/src/expr.c#L175 (CNA: VulnCheck; technical-description)

- https://sqlite.org/releaselog/3_54_0.html (CNA: VulnCheck; release-notes)

- https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/sqlite-collate-depth (CNA: VulnCheck; third-party-advisory)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite (CNA: VulnCheck; product)

- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sqlite-before-3.54.0-stack-exhaustion-via-collate-operator-chain (CNA: VulnCheck; third-party-advisory)

- https://sqlite.org/bugs/info/2026-10-04T04:50:56Z (ADP: CISA-ADP; exploit)

- https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/sqlite-collate-depth (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Exploit, Third Party Advisory)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Product)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/version-3.53.4/src/expr.c#L175 (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Patch)

- https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/d54522a5b832422ab893a1e9fa7a99ab314ea4e2 (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Patch)

- https://sqlite.org/bugs/info/2026-10-04T04:50:56Z (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Issue Tracking)

- https://sqlite.org/releaselog/3_54_0.html (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Release Notes)

- https://sqlite.org/src/info/252c0b7bf5a727d2 (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Issue Tracking)

- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sqlite-before-3.54.0-stack-exhaustion-via-collate-operator-chain (disclosure@vulncheck.com; Third Party Advisory)

## Provenance

- CNA: VulnCheck: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-119376; retrieved 2026-11-04; source updated 2026-11-04

- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-119376; retrieved 2026-11-02; source updated 2026-11-02

- FIRST EPSS: https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-119376; retrieved 2026-11-04; source updated Not reported

Revision: 563f4529d8fb79747edf413266b18e4bc168a7eedb6fa24341c28af274a49a8d

Canonical: https://y2.dev/cve/CVE-2026-119376

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