# CVE-2025-9230: Out-of-bounds read & write in RFC 3211 KEK Unwrap

Status: published. Published: 2025-09-30. Updated: 2026-11-06.

Issue summary: An application trying to decrypt CMS messages encrypted using
password based encryption can trigger an out-of-bounds read and write.

Impact summary: This out-of-bounds read may trigger a crash which leads to
Denial of Service for an application. The out-of-bounds write can cause
a memory corruption which can have various consequences including
a Denial of Service or Execution of attacker-supplied code.

Although the consequences of a successful exploit of this vulnerability
could be severe, the probability that the attacker would be able to
perform it is low. Besides, password based (PWRI) encryption support in CMS
messages is very rarely used. For that reason the issue was assessed as
Moderate severity according to our Security Policy.

The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this
issue, as the CMS implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module
boundary.

## Remediation

- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/bae259a211ada6315dc50900686daaaaaa55f482
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/9e91358f365dee6c446dcdcdb01c04d2743fd280
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/5965ea5dd6960f36d8b7f74f8eac67a8eb8f2b45
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/b5282d677551afda7d20e9c00e09561b547b2dfd
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/a79c4ce559c6a3a8fd4109e9f33c1185d5bf2def
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/dfbaf161d8dafc1132dd88cd48ad990ed9b4c8ba
- fix: The reporting source identifies this reference as a patch. Check the advisory for affected versions and supported release branches. (source: CNA: openssl) — https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/c2b96348bfa662f25f4fabf81958ae822063dae3

## Affected products and versions

- OpenSSL / OpenSSL: ≥ 3.5.0; < 3.5.4 (affected, semver); ≥ 3.4.0; < 3.4.3 (affected, semver); ≥ 3.3.0; < 3.3.5 (affected, semver); ≥ 3.2.0; < 3.2.6 (affected, semver); ≥ 3.0.0; < 3.0.18 (affected, semver); ≥ 1.1.1; < 1.1.1zd (affected, custom); ≥ 1.0.2; < 1.0.2zm (affected, custom). Source: CNA: openssl
- Siemens / RUGGEDCOM RST2428P: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / RUGGEDCOM RST2428P: ≥ 0; < V4.0 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 family: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XCH328: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XCM324: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XCM328: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XCM332: ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRH334 (24 V DC, 8xFO, CC): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 12xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 8xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 12xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 8xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (24V DC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 12xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 8xFO): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+): ≥ 0; < V3.3 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIDIS Prime: ≥ 0; < V4.0.800 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIDIS Secured SmartPlug: ≥ 0; < V7.26.0310 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIMATIC CN 4100: ≥ 0; < V5.0 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP: ≥ V3.1.5; < * (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP: ≥ V3.1.5; < * (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem: ≥ 0; < V1.1.1 (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP
- Siemens / SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP: ≥ V3.1.5; < * (affected, custom). Source: ADP: siemens-SADP

## Severity and prioritization

- CVSS 3.1: 9.8 (critical); CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H; source: ADP: CISA-ADP

- CVSS 3.1: 9.8 (critical); CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H; source: NVD: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

- CISA KEV: No listing in collected sources

- EPSS: 1.55% as of 2026-11-06; percentile 75.26%

- SSVC: exploitation none; automatable yes; technical impact total; source ADP: CISA-ADP

- Weaknesses: CWE-125, CWE-787

## Exploit evidence

No exploit evidence in collected sources. This is not proof of no exploitation.

## References

- https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20250930.txt (CNA: openssl; vendor-advisory)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/bae259a211ada6315dc50900686daaaaaa55f482 (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/9e91358f365dee6c446dcdcdb01c04d2743fd280 (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/5965ea5dd6960f36d8b7f74f8eac67a8eb8f2b45 (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/b5282d677551afda7d20e9c00e09561b547b2dfd (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/a79c4ce559c6a3a8fd4109e9f33c1185d5bf2def (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/dfbaf161d8dafc1132dd88cd48ad990ed9b4c8ba (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/c2b96348bfa662f25f4fabf81958ae822063dae3 (CNA: openssl; patch)

- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00001.html (ADP: CVE)

- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/30/5 (ADP: CVE)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-485750.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-585531.html (ADP: siemens-SADP)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/5965ea5dd6960f36d8b7f74f8eac67a8eb8f2b45 (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/9e91358f365dee6c446dcdcdb01c04d2743fd280 (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/a79c4ce559c6a3a8fd4109e9f33c1185d5bf2def (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/b5282d677551afda7d20e9c00e09561b547b2dfd (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/bae259a211ada6315dc50900686daaaaaa55f482 (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/c2b96348bfa662f25f4fabf81958ae822063dae3 (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://github.openssl.org/openssl/extended-releases/commit/dfbaf161d8dafc1132dd88cd48ad990ed9b4c8ba (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20250930.txt (openssl-security@openssl.org)

- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/30/5 (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)

- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00001.html (af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-485750.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-585531.html (0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e)

## Provenance

- CNA: openssl: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-9230; retrieved 2026-11-06; source updated 2026-11-06

- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9230; retrieved 2026-11-07; source updated 2026-11-06

- FIRST EPSS: https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-9230; retrieved 2026-11-06; source updated Not reported

Revision: ba26bea1b143a9b823697e259b94595879ef976c08b4a504e48141ff6d14227d

Canonical: https://y2.dev/cve/CVE-2025-9230

## Agent and API access

Public CVE pages, Markdown, and JSON are free to read without an account or API key.

- Public catalog: https://y2.dev/cve/index.json. Follow nextCursor with the same search, filters, sort, and limit (1–100). A null cursor marks the end.

- WebMCP: search_cve_disclosures, get_cve_disclosure, get_cve_page_markdown, get_y2_cve_access. Available in compatible browsers.

- Cyber API: https://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cves and https://api.y2.dev/api/v2/cyber/cves/{cveId}.

- Y2 Pro or Elite: create a workspace API key with the intel:cyber scope and send Authorization: Bearer <Y2_API_KEY>. Setup: https://y2.dev/docs/api/create-key.

- x402: Pay per request without an account or API key. Omit Authorization, read the HTTP 402 PAYMENT-REQUIRED challenge, validate its current requirements, and retry with PAYMENT-SIGNATURE through an authorized payment client. These browser tools never make payments. Guide: https://y2.dev/docs/api/x402.

- OpenAPI: https://y2.dev/api/openapi.yaml. Agent access metadata: https://y2.dev/cve/agent.json.

Collected public records only. Check source status for coverage and freshness.